Each ml contains:

Sodium Chloride 9 mg

Sodium 150 mmol/litre

Chloride 150 mmol/litre

Water for injections

Solution for infusion. Clear, colourless solution.

Cattle, horses, dogs and cats.

For the treatment of dehydration in cattle, horses, dogs and cats. It may be used to correct hypovolaemia resulting from shock or gastrointestinal disease (especially where metabolic alkalosis is present, e.g. in cases of sustained vomiting or abomasal disorders in cattle). It may be administered to meet normal fluid and electrolyte requirements when fluids cannot be given orally.

Do not use in animals with:

- hypernatraemia

- hyperchloraemia

- hyperhydration

- oedema (hepatic, renal, or cardiac)

None.

Do not use unless the solution is clear, free from visible particles and the container is undamaged. Sodium overload may occur in animals with cardiac or renal impairment. It should be noted that sodium excretion may be impaired post-surgery/trauma.

A risk of thrombosis with intravenous infusion should be considered.

Maintain aseptic precautions.

The veterinary medicinal product should be warmed to approximately 37°C prior to the administration of large volumes, or if the administration rate is high, in order to avoid hypothermia.

Use with caution in animals with hypokalaemia.

Serum electrolyte levels, water and acid-base balance and the clinical condition of the animal should be closely monitored during the treatment in order to prevent overdose, particularly in cases of renal or metabolic changes.

This veterinary medicinal product should not be used for longer than is necessary to correct and sustain circulating volume. This solution does not contain the appropriate electrolyte balance for longer term maintenance fluid administration.

Inappropriate/excessive use may worsen or create a metabolic acidosis.

Not applicable.

Not applicable.

None known.

Reporting adverse events is important. It allows continuous safety monitoring of a veterinary medicinal product. Reports should be sent, preferably via a veterinarian, to either the marketing authorisation holder or its local representative or the national competent authority via the national reporting system. See the package leaflet for respective contact details.

The safety of the veterinary medicinal product has not been established during pregnancy and lactation. Use only accordingly to the benefit-risk assessment by the responsible veterinarian.

It is recommended to take appropriate precautions in animals receiving corticosteroids or corticotrophins to prevent high blood pressure and excessive fluid retention during administration of large volumes.

Concomitant administration of colloids requires a dose reduction.

Intravenous use.

The volume and rate of infusion will depend upon the clinical condition, existing deficits of the animal, maintenance needs and continuing losses.

Generally, aim to correct hypovolaemia by 50% initially (ideally over 6 hours but faster if necessary) and reassess by clinical examination.

Deficits are generally in the range of 50 ml/kg (mild) to 150 ml/kg (severe). An infusion rate of 15 ml/kg/hour is recommended in the absence of shock (range 5-75 ml/kg/hour).

In shock, high initial infusion rates, up to 90 ml/kg/hour, are needed. High infusion rates should not be continued for longer than 1 hour unless urine output is restored. The maximum infusion rate should be decreased in the presence of cardiac, renal and pulmonary disease.

It is recommended to maintain a serum sodium less than or equal to 130 mEq/l. In the presence of volume overload signs, treatment should involve administering diuretics and stopping the infusion.

Overdose may lead to hypernatraemia, hyperchloraemia, hypokalaemia, cardiac decompensation, hyperhydration and metabolic acidosis.

Clinical signs of excessive overdose include restlessness, hypersalivation, shivering, tachycardia, serous nasal discharge, tachypnoea, moist lung sounds, coughing, protrusion of the eye from the orbit, widespread oedema, vomiting and diarrhoea.

Long-term infusion may cause electrolyte imbalance. Saline solution is not balanced, and it may cause acidaemia because it will increase renal elimination of bicarbonate. Prolonged use may cause hypokalaemia.

Not applicable.

Meat and offal: zero days.

Milk: zero hours.

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Electrolytes

ATCvet code: QB05BB01

Sodium chloride and water are normal constituents of the plasma of animals.

Sodium is the major cation of the extracellular space and regulates the size of this space together with other anions.

The sodium content and the fluid homeostasis of the body are closely related. Each deviation of the plasma sodium concentration from the physiological one simultaneously affects the fluid status of the body.

An increase in the sodium content of the body also means reduction of the body's free water content independent of the serum osmolarity.

A 0.9 per cent sodium chloride solution has the same osmolarity as plasma. Administration of this solution primarily leads to a replenishment of the interstitial space which is about 2/3 of the entire extracellular space. Only 1/3 of the administered volume remains in the intravascular space.

Sodium chloride administered by the intravenous route quickly joins the normal distribution and metabolism of sodium chloride and water, in the intracellular and extracellular spaces.

Sodium and chloride are normal components of the body and their balance is maintained by the kidneys. The sodium level of the veterinary medicinal product is similar to the physiological level in the serum.

The kidneys are the major regulator of the sodium and water balance. In cooperation with the hormonal control mechanisms (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, antidiuretic hormone), the kidneys are primarily responsible for the maintenance of a constant volume of the extracellular space and regulation of its fluid composition.

Chloride is exchanged for hydrogen carbonate in the tubule system. Thus, it is involved in the regulation of the acid-base balance.

None known.

Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale:

100 ml: 18 months.

500 ml, 1000 ml and 2000 ml: 2 years.

Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: use immediately.

Do not store above 25°C.

Do not freeze.

Polyvinylchloride infusion bag overwrapped with polypropylene.

Pack sizes: Individual fluid bags of 100 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml and 2000 ml, each supplied with a package leaflet, or boxes containing 40 x 100 ml, 50 x 100 ml, 15 x 500 ml, 20 x 500 ml, 10 x 1000 ml, 4 x 2000 ml and 5 x 2000 ml.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater.

Use take-back schemes for the disposal of any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived thereof in accordance with local requirements and with any national collection systems applicable to the veterinary medicinal product concerned.

Dechra Limited, Snaygill Industrial Estate, Keighley Road, Skipton, North Yorkshire, BD23 2RW, United Kingdom.

20 June 2013

May 2025

For animal treatment only. To be supplied only on veterinary prescription. Keep out of the sight and reach of children.