Refer to the product label and Material Safety Data Sheet.
Antimicrobial action
At the concentrations in this product, the efficacy achieved is > log5 (100,000 times) reduction in microbial counts against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, fungi and yeasts, bacterial and fungal spores, enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, and protozoa.
Insecticidal action
The insecticidal actions are based upon cypermethrin (a pyrethroid). In the testing phases the indicator species used was Lucilia cuprina, a commonly occurring blow fly species. Upon contact, larvae will immediately migrate away from the wound site and die within 30 minutes, thus eliminating the need for mechanical extraction. The product was tested and found to provide 100% kill on L. cuprina eggs and equally effective against adult flies resulting in a 77% kill in 15 minutes rising to 100% within 30 minutes. Cypermethrin is a broad-spectrum, non-selective insecticide effective against bot fly larvae and other insects, e.g. biting flies, midges, ants, fleas, mosquitoes and ticks. Use with caution around bees.
Residual action
Residual action tests showed the product was 100% effective after 5 days. Field trials demonstrated that the residual action extended well beyond 2 weeks. The product is water-soluble and should be re-applied if the animal has been washed or exposed to rain.
Toxicology
Studies were carried out in accordance with the test requirements as specified by the EPA. Oral toxicity (rats) - >2000 to 5000mg/kg - category III, Dermal toxicity (rats) - >5000mg/kg - category III, Dermal irritation (guinea pigs) - very slight erytherma (grade 1) for a few hours but reversible within 24 hrs - category IV, Eye irritation (rabbits) - after 24 hrs contact the cornea and iris showed no reaction - the eyelids and nictating membranes were graded 1 after 1 hour and were reversible after 72 hrs - category IV, Skin sensitization (guinea pigs) - no sensitization, Inhalation toxicity (rats) - LC50>2mg/litre - category IV.
Stability
Repeat efficacy tests and chemical analysis confirm a shelf life of 4 years from the date of manufacture.