Active substance: Tiamulin 162 mg/ml

Solution for injection.

Pale yellow oily solution.

Pigs

For treatment and metaphylaxis of swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae.

For the treatment of enzootic pneumonia caused by tiamulin-susceptible Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasmal arthritis caused by tiamulin-susceptible Mycoplasma hyosynoviae.

Do not use in cases of known hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or any of the excipients. Do not use in cases of known resistance to tiamulin.

Inflammation/scarring may occur at the site of injection. For this reason, it is recommended that the product should be administered into the muscle of the neck.

Due to the likely variability (time, geographical) in the occurrence of resistance of bacteria for tiamulin, the use of the product should be based on bacteriological sampling and susceptibility testing taking into account official and local antimicrobial policies. Use of the product deviating from the instructions given in the SPC may increase the prevalence of bacteria resistant to tiamulin and may decrease the effectiveness of treatment with other pleuromutilins due to the potential for cross-resistance.

Long term or repeated use should be avoided by improving management practice and thorough cleansing and disinfection.

In the absence of a satisfactory response to treatment, the diagnosis should be reconsidered.

People with known hypersensitivity to tiamulin should handle the product carefully.

Care should be taken to avoid self-injection. Direct contact with the skin, eyes and mucous membranes should be avoided when handling the product.

In case of accidental eye contact, irrigate the eyes thoroughly with clean running water immediately. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.

In case of skin contact, wash immediately with running water in order to minimise absorption through the skin.

Wash hands after use.

This product contains sesame oil. Accidental self injection may result in severe localised reactions, particularly if injected into a joint or finger. In case of accidental injection, seek medical advice immediately. Show the package leaflet or the label to the physician.

In rare cases, hypersensitivity to tiamulin is reported in terms of acute dermatitis with cutaneous erythema and intense pruritus. The adverse reactions are usually mild and transient but in very rare cases may be serious. Symptomatic treatment such as electrolyte therapy and an anti-inflammatory therapy may be useful.

The product can be used during pregnancy and lactation.

Tiamulin is known to produce clinically important (often lethal) interactions with ionophore antibiotics, including monensin, narasin, salinomycin. Therefore, pigs should not receive products containing such compounds during or for at least seven days before or after treatment with this product. Severe growth depression or death may result.

Tiamulin may lessen the antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics, whose action is dependent on bacterial growth.

To ensure a correct dosage body weight should be determined as accurately as possible to avoid underdosing.

8.1 mg tiamulin base per kg bodyweight (equivalent to 1 ml per 20 kg bodyweight) to be administered in a single treatment followed by tiamulin in the water or feed.

12.1 mg tiamulin base per kg bodyweight (equivalent to 1.5 ml/20 kg bodyweight) daily for 3 consecutive days. Depending on the severity of disease it may be necessary to continue treatment by orally administered tiamulin until 2 days after signs of disease have subsided.

The closures should not be broached more than 5 times. In order to prevent excessive broaching of the stopper, a suitable multiple dosing device should be used.

A single oral dose of 100 mg/kg bodyweight caused hyperpnoea and abdominal discomfort in pigs. At a dose of 150 mg/kg the only effect on the central nervous system was lethargy. A dose of 55 mg/kg for 14 days caused increased salivation and a mild irritation of the stomach. Tiamulin hydrogen fumarate has a relatively high therapeutic index in pigs. The minimum lethal dose has not been established in pigs.

Meat and offal: 21 days

ATC Vet Code: QJ01XQ01

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antibacterials for systemic use, Other antibacterials, Pleuromutilins

Tiamulin hydrogen fumarate is a semi-synthetic derivative of the diterpene antibiotic pleuromutilin, produced by Pleurotus mutilis later renamed Clitopilus scyphoides. Tiamulin is active against pathogenic mycoplasmas, against most Grampositive organisms and anaerobes. Tiamulin is bacteriostatic at therapeutic concentrations and has been shown to act at the ribosome level and the primary binding site is on the 50S subunit and possibly a secondary site where the 50S and 30S subunits join. It appears to inhibit microbial protein production by producing biochemical inactive initiation complexes, which prevent elongation of the polypeptide chain.

Research has shown that resistant bacterial mutants can be created through multi step resistance. Horizontal transferable resistance has also been described (e.g. vga genes & cfr gene). In practice, resistance in mycoplasmas has been reported rarely. Resistance against B. hyodysenteriae has been seen and can vary geographically. If response to treatment of dysentery with the product is poor, then the possibility of resistance must be considered. Cross resistance between tiamulin and tylosin tartrate has been reported: micro-organisms that are resistant for tiamulin, are also resistant for tylosin tartrate, but not vice versa. Transferable resistance mechanism (cfr) can cause cross-resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins (A) and phenicols (florfenicol). Resistance in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae can be caused by a point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene and/or the ribosomal protein L3 gene.

Following a single intramuscular administration at a dose rate of approximately 14 mg tiamulin per kg bodyweight, mean maximum tiamulin concentration (approximately 350ng/ml) was reached after approximately 3 hours. The mean terminal half-life is approximately 12 hours.

Butyl parahydroxybenzoate, Propyl gallate (E310), Ethanol (96%), Sesame oil, refined.

In the absence of incompatibility studies, this veterinary medicinal product must not be mixed with other veterinary medicinal products.

Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 30 months

Shelf life after first opening of the immediate packaging: 28 days. Discard any product remaining in the container at this time.

Store below 25 °C. Do not refrigerate or freeze.

Protect from light.

The product is presented in a 100 ml Type I amber glass vial, sealed with a nitrile rubber stopper supplied in a carton. One vial per carton.

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

21 October 2009

August 2014

Nil