Each ml contains:

Active constituents: Sodium hyaluronate 10 mg

For the full list of excipients, see "Pharmaceutical particulars" section.

Solution for Injection. Clear, colourless liquid

Horses

For the treatment of lameness in horses due to non-infectious inflammation of joints

None known

This product does not contain an antimicrobial preservative. Any solution remaining in the vial following withdrawal of the required dose should be discarded.

See below under "Amounts to be administered and administration route" regarding special precautions in administration.

None

In very rare cases, horses may show a transient flare reaction after intra-articular injection. This may present as a diffuse swelling lasting 24 – 48 hours resulting from irritation by the needle while in the joint space. These flares may be acute but will generally resolve without sequelae within a few days

The product may be used safely in pregnant and lactating animals.

None known

For intravenous or intra-articular use.

The recommended dose is:

Intravenous administration: 4 ml corresponding to 40 mg sodium hyaluronate

Intra-articular administration: 2 ml corresponding to 20 mg sodium hyaluronate

Treatment may be repeated at weekly intervals for a total of three treatments.

Strict aseptic technique should be observed when injecting Hyonate. As with any intra-articular procedure, proper injection site disinfection and animal restraint are very important.

Excess synovial fluid should be aseptically removed prior to injection. Care should be taken not to scratch the cartilage surface with the point of the injection needle. Diffuse swelling lasting 24 to 48 hours may result from irritation by the needle while in the joint space.

For best results, the horse should be given three days stable rest after intra-articular treatment before gradually resuming normal activity.

Meat: zero days.

Milk: Not applicable.

Sodium hyaluronate is a saccharide biopolymer with a key role in maintaining normal joint function. It also has anti-inflammatory properties.

ATC VetCode: QM09 AX01

Hyonate is extracted from the capsule of a selected micro-organism and purified to produce an ultra pure form of sodium hyaluronate which is essentially free of protein or nucleic acids. The solution is pyrogen free and sterile. It contains no preservative.

Hyaluronic acid forms the basis of a wide range of saccharide bioploymers (glycosaminoglycans or mucopolysaccharides) consisting of repeating disaccharide units of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid linked by beta 1-3 and beta 1-4 glycosidic bonds. It is a component of all mammalian connective tissue and therefore widely distributed in body tissues and intracellular fluids. Sodium hyaluronate is the naturally occurring sodium salt of hyaluronic acid. In the normal joint sodium hyaluronate is synthesised by synoviocytes. The resulting long chains form a three dimensionally cross linked network and are the crucial determinant of the properties of the synovial fluid.

The high affinity of sodium hyaluronate for water, which is enclosed rather than bound within the three dimensional structure, is responsible, in particular, for the known high viscosity of the synovial fluid. Recent studies have shown that sodium hyaluronate exerts its lubricant effect primarily on the membrane separating the synovial fluid from the soft tissue (capsule) of the joint.

Sodium hyaluronate, therefore, has various properties:

• it improves the viscosity of the synovial fluid through its 3-dimensional structure (lubrication)

• it assists the filtering function of the synovial membrane (regulation of composition of synovial fluid)

• it is a constituent of hyaline cartilage

• it plays a role in the supply of nutrients to the cartilage.

Sodium hyaluronate also exerts an anti-inflammatory action.

Sodium chloride

Sodium acid phosphate

Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate

Sodium hydroxide (for pH adjustment)

Hydrochloric acid (for pH adjustment)

Water for Injection

None known

Shelf-life of the product as packaged for sale: 3 years

Shelf-life after first opening the container: Any solution remaining in the vial following withdrawal of the required dose should be discarded.

Do not store above 25 °C. Protect from sunlight.

2ml of solution in a 2.5ml clear Type I glass vial with a chlorobutyl grey stopper or a grey butyl rubber stopper, teflon face with an aluminium overseal and plastic cap.

2ml solution in a 5ml clear Type I glass vial with a chlorobutyl grey stopper or a grey butyl rubber stopper, teflon face with an aluminium overseal and plastic cap.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Any unused product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with national requirements