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Contra-indications, warnings, etc
Not to be used in animals that have any history of previous vaccination against footrot.
It is important to treat at the recommended dosage and to avoid under-dosing since this will result in spread of sheep scab.
Signs of sheep scab can be confused with chewing louse infestation, against which the product is not effective.
Extensive studies in laboratory animals and cattle have shown no adverse effects during pregnancy.
No known incompatibility with concurrent administration of mineral supplements or fluke treatments.
Do not mix with any other veterinary medicinal products before administration.
Read entire package leaflet before using this product.
Care should be taken to avoid the following practices because they increase the risk of development of resistance and could ultimately result in ineffective therapy:
• Too frequent and repeated use of anthelmintics from the same class, over an extended period of time.
• Underdosing, which may be due to underestimation of bodyweight, misadministration of the product, or lack of calibration of the dosing device (if any).
Suspected clinical cases of resistance to anthelmintics should be further investigated using appropriate tests (e.g. Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test). Where the results of the test(s) strongly suggest resistance to a particular anthelmintic, an anthelmintic belonging to another pharmacological class and having a different mode of action should be used.
Resistance to macrocyclic lactones has been reported in Teladorsagia in sheep in a number of countries. In 2008, throughout Europe, moxidectin resistance is very rare; it has been reported in a single case involving a levamisole, benzimidazole and ivermectin-resistant strain of Teladorsagia circumcincta. Therefore the use of moxidectin should be based on local (regional, farm) epidemiological information about susceptibility of nematodes, local history of treatments and recommendations on how to use the product under sustainable conditions to limit further selection for resistance to anthelmintics. These precautions are especially important when moxidectin is being used to control resistant strains.
Withdrawal periods
Meat and offal: 70 days
Milk: Not for use in sheep producing milk for human consumption or industrial purposes, including the dry period.
Operator warnings
Care should be taken to avoid self-injection.
In case of contact with skin and eyes wash affected area with clean water.
Do not smoke, eat or drink while handling the product.
Wash hands after use.
Advice to medical practitioners: In cases of accidental self-injection treat any specific signs symptomatically.
Other precautions regarding impact on the environment
Moxidectin fulfils the criteria for a (very) persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) substance; therefore, exposure of the environment to moxidectin must be limited to the extent possible. Treatments should be administered only when necessary and should be based on faecal egg counts or evaluation of the risk of infestation at the animal and/or herd level.
Like other macrocyclic lactones, moxidectin has the potential to adversely affect non-target organisms:
Faeces containing moxidectin excreted onto pasture by treated animals may temporarily reduce the abundance of dung feeding organisms. Following treatment of sheep with the product, levels of moxidectin that are potentially toxic to dung fly species may be excreted over a period of more than 4 weeks and may decrease dung fly abundance during that period. It has been established in laboratory tests that moxidectin may temporarily affect dung beetle reproduction; however, studies with incurred residues indicate no long-term effects. Nevertheless, in case of repeated treatments with moxidectin (as with products of the same anthelmintic class) it is advisable not to treat animals every time on the same pasture to allow dung fauna populations to recover.
Moxidectin is inherently toxic to aquatic organisms including fish. The product should be used only according to the label instructions. Based on the excretion profile of moxidectin when administered as the injectable formulation to sheep, treated animals should not have access to watercourses during the first 11 days after treatment.