PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Pharmacotherapeutic group: antiprotozoals, agents against protozoal diseases, amprolium.
ATCvet code: QP51AX09.
Pharmacodynamic properties
Amprolium is an anticoccidial which belongs to the thiamine analogues family. Amprolium acts by interfering as a competitive antagonist of thiamine within thiamine transport mechanisms. It interferes in the carbohydrate metabolism required for coccidies multiplication and survival.
In in-vitro studies it was shown that the uptake of thiamine by schizonts of Eimeria tenella and by host intestinal cells can occur through passive diffusion or by an active, energy-and pH-dependent process. Amprolium competitively inhibited both systems, however, the parasite was shown to be more sensitive to amprolium than the host.
As shown with Eimeria maxima inoculated chicken, the administration of Amprolium resulted in a proportion of morphologically abnormal macrogametes and oocysts which may be considered the reason for a reduced sporulation rate.
Pharmacokinetic particulars
Amprolium is weakly absorbed after oral administration. Maximum plasma drug concentration is reached 4 hours later.
Amprolium is excreted mainly via faeces.
Environmental properties
Amprolium is persistent in soil.
PHARMACEUTICAL PARTICULARS
List of excipients
Sorbic acid (E200).
Purified water.
Incompatibilities
In the absence of compatibility studies, this veterinary medicinal product must not be mixed with other veterinary medicinal products.