Pharmacotherapeutic group: Nervous system.
ATCvet code: QN05AA04
Pharmacodynamic properties
Acepromazine is a phenothiazine derivative. This group of molecules belongs to the neuroleptics: they depress the central nervous system and exert associated effects on the autonomic system. These effects are due to their interference with different neurotransmitter receptors (dopaminergic, adrenergic) and to their interference with hypothalamic performance. The sedative activity starts within 15-30 minutes of treatment and lasts for 6-7 hours.
The desired effects observed after treatment with acepromazine include a general tranquilising effect, anti-emetic effect and a slight anti-histaminic effect. There is no analgesic action. The neuroleptic effects are variable between individual animals.
Pharmacokinetic properties
Acepromazine is partly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Plasma protein binding is high and it is extensively distributed throughout the body tissues. Plasma levels are usually low. Acepromazine is highly metabolised, with the urine as the main route of excretion.