Xylazine is an alpha-2 agonist with sedative, some analgesic and muscle relaxant properties, for use in cattle, horses, dogs and cats. In cattle, which are more sensitive to the agent, the degree of sedation can be predetermined according to the dose administered. A strong emetic effect is usual in cats and dogs. Xylazine induces strong cardiovascular effects e.g. bradycardia and increased blood pressure. Hyperglycaemia is also induced. The duration of action of the agent varies between species.

In the case of overdosage alpha2-adrenoceptor blockers may reverse the effects.