Introduction

Chanelle combined

Chanelle Vet UK Ltd

Address: CBX11 West Wing

382-390 Midsummer Boulevard

Milton Keynes, Bucks MK9 2RG

Telephone: 01908 843636

Fax: 01908 847401

Website: www.chanellevetuk.com

Company name: Chanelle Animal Health Limited

7 Rodney Street

Liverpool

L1 9HZ

Tel & Fax: 01568 750432

Website: www.chanellegroup.ie

Presentation

A clear colourless solution for injection. Each ml of Chanazine 2% contains 20 mg xylazine base.

Uses

Chanazine 2% is a sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties for use in cattle, horses, dogs and cats. Chanazine 2% can be used in many cases where sedation is required, including:

1.Handling fractious animals e.g. for transportation.

2.Medical examinations e.g. X-ray examination, removal of bandages, examination of the penis and oral cavity.

3.Premedication for minor superficial operations and local or regional anaesthesia.

4.Elimination of defaecation when examining and treating the vagina, uterus and hindquarters.

Dosage and administration

Cattle

Chanazine 2% is given by intramuscular injection. The dose-rate is 0.05-0.3 mg/kg bodyweight (0.25-1.5 ml/100 kg), according to the degree of sedation required. Very fractious animals may require the higher dose rates not exceeding 0.3 mg/kg (Dose rate 4)

Dose	mg/kg	mg/50kg	ml/50kg
1.	0.05	2.5	0.12
2.	0.1	5.0	0.25
3.	0.2	10.0	0.5
4.	0.3	15.0	0.75

Dose 1: -	Sedation with slight decrease in muscle tone.
Dose 2: -	Sedation, marked decrease in muscle tone and some analgesia. The animal usually remains standing.
Dose 3: -	Deep sedation, further decrease in muscle tone and a useful degree of analgesia. The animal lies down.
Dose 4: -	Very deep sedation, a profound decrease in muscle tone and a useful degree of analgesia. The animal lies down.

Animals should not be disturbed until Chanazine has taken its full effect. Onset of effect is usually seen within 15 minutes and effects persist for approximately 45 - 60 minutes depending on the dosage rate used. Induction and recovery are smooth. Local anaesthetics should be used in combination with Chanazine where major surgical treatment is carried out.

Horses

Chanazine 2% is given by slow intravenous injection. Dosage depends upon the degree of sedation required and the response of the animal, and is 0.6 - 1 mg/kg (3–5 ml/100 kg) bodyweight. Nervous or excitable horses may require higher doses. Older horses and those having undergone severe physical exertion before treatment should receive the lowest dose rate. The horse does not usually become recumbent after administration and light to deep sedation with variable degree of analgesia is obtained. Effects are usually seen within 5 minutes and persist for approximately 20 minutes. Chanazine 2% may be employed in the horse as a premedication to barbiturate anaesthesia or in combination with regional or local anaesthesia.

Dogs

Chanazine 2% is administered intramuscularly at dose rates of 1–3 mg/kg (0.05–0.15 ml/kg bodyweight). For painful procedures it may be used in combination with a local anaesthetic.

Premedication with atropine may be desirable in some cases. Chanazine 2% is synergistic with the barbiturates and reduces the dosage of the latter by approximately one half.

Cats

Chanazine 2% is administered intramuscularly at a dose rate of 3 mg/kg (0.15 ml/kg) bodyweight. Premedication with atropine may occasionally be desirable.

Contra-indications, warnings, etc

Not to be used in horses intended for human consumption.

Not for use in animals producing milk for human consumption.

Do not administer by the intra-carotid route.

Careful consideration should be given before administering to animals exposed to stress conditions such as extreme heat, cold, high altitude or fatigue.

Following use of Chanazine 2% in cattle profuse salivation, bloat and polyuria may occur. The use of xylazine in cattle should be carefully considered in cases of cardiac aberrations, arterial hypotension/shock and renal or hepatic impairment. Tympany should be avoided in recumbent cattle by maintaining the animal in sternal recumbency. Provision should also be made for facilitating dependent drainage from the mouth to avoid inhalation asphyxia.

Side Effects such as bradycardia, cardiac arrhythmia and polyuria may occur in the horse. Following intravenous administration to horses, a transient rise followed by a fall in blood pressure usually occurs. Should be used with caution when pulmonary disease is suspected.

Profound cardiovascular effects or exacerbated side effects specified above may result from overdosage. Cattle are 10 times more sensitive than horses. Do not repeat the dose in the event of unsatisfactory response. Repeat on the following day with recalculated dosage.

Vomiting is commonly observed in dogs and cats following use of the preparation. Pain may occur at the injection site following intramuscular administration in cats and dogs, massage injection site well following administration.

Chanazine 2% should not be administered in the later stages of pregnancy because of the risk of inducing premature parturition. As the safety of xylazine use during organogenesis has not been fully demonstrated by current methods it should be used with caution during the first month of pregnancy.

In larger animals xylazine is not an ideal sedative for Caesarean section because of its oxytocic effect which impedes uterine suturing.

Withdrawal Period

Animals must not be slaughtered for human consumption during treatment. Cattle may be slaughtered for human consumption only after 14 days from the last treatment. .

Operator warnings

Xylazine is an alpha adrenoceptor agonist acting primarily on alpha-2 receptors. Precautions should be taken to avoid accidental injection /self injection.

Wash splashes from skin and eyes immediately.

In the event of accidental injection/self-injection, seek urgent medical advice and show label and other product literature. DO NOT DRIVE as sedation and changes in blood pressure may occur.

Advice to Doctors

Xylazine is an alpha adrenoceptor agonist whose toxicity may cause clinical effects including sedation, respiratory depression and coma, bradycardia and hypotension and hyperglycaemia. Ventricular arrhythmias have also been reported. Treatment should be supportive with appropriate intensive therapy.

Environmental warnings

Unused product and containers should be disposed of in accordance with national requirements.

General precautions

For animal treatment only. Keep out of the reach of children.