Pharmacotherapeutic group: sedative and analgesic. ATC-vet code: QN05CM90.

Detomidine is a sedative with analgesic properties (α2-adrenergic agonist). The duration and intensity of the effect are dose-dependent.The mode of action of detomidine is based on the specific stimulation of the alpha-2 adrenergic central receptors. The analgesic effect is based on the inhibition of the transfer of pain impulses in the central nervous system.

Detomidine also acts on peripheral alpha receptors, which may cause an increase in blood glucose as well as piloerection. At higher doses, sweating and increased diuresis may occur. Blood pressure decreases initially and then returns to normal or slightly below normal values. Heart rate decreases. On ECG examination, there is a lengthening of the PR interval and in the horse a slight atrioventricular block is observed. These effects are transient. In most animals, a decrease in the respiratory rate is observed. Hyperventilation is observed in rare cases.

Detomidine is rapidly absorbed after intramuscular injection. Tmax is from 15 to 30 minutes. After intramuscular injection, bioavailability is 66 to 85%. The rapid distribution to tissues is followed by almost complete metabolism, mainly in the liver. The t½ is 1 to 2 hours. The metabolites are mainly excreted in urine and faeces.