Pharmacodynamic properties
Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the oxicam class which acts by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-exudative and antipyretic effects. It reduces leukocyte infiltration into the inflamed tissue. To a minor extent it also inhibits collagen-induced thrombocyte aggregation. Meloxicam also has anti-endotoxic properties because it has been shown to inhibit production of thromboxane B2 induced by intravenous E. coli endotoxin administration in calves and pigs.
Pharmacokinetic particulars
Absorption: When the product is used according to the recommended dosage regime the oral bioavailability is approximately 98%. Maximal plasma concentrations are obtained after approximately 2 - 3 hours. The accumulation factor of 1.08 suggests that meloxicam does not accumulate when administered daily.
Distribution: Approximately 98% of meloxicam is bound to plasma proteins. The volume of distribution is 0.12 l/kg
Metabolism: The metabolism is qualitatively similar in rats, mini-pigs, humans, cattle and pigs although quantitatively there are differences. The major metabolites found in all species were the 5-hydroxy- and 5-carboxy-metabolites and the oxalyl-metabolite. The metabolism in horses was not investigated. All major metabolites have been shown to be pharmacologically inactive.
Elimination: Meloxicam is eliminated with a terminal half-life of 7.7 hours.