Pharmacotherapeutic group: corticosteroid for systemic use, glucocorticoid.
ATCvet code: QH02AB02
Pharmacodynamic properties
This preparation contains the sodium phosphate ester of dexamethasone, a fluoro-methyl derivative of prednisolone, which is a potent glucocorticoid with minimal mineralocorticoid activity. Dexamethasone has ten to twenty times the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone. Corticosteroids suppress the immunologic response by inhibition of dilatation of capillaries, migration and function of leucocytes and phagocytosis. Glucocorticoids have an effect on metabolism by increasing gluconeogenesis.
Pharmacokinetic properties
Following intramuscular injection this soluble ester of dexamethasone is readily absorbed and hydrolysed to the parent alcohol giving a prompt response which is maintained for approximately 48 hours. Tmax in cattle, horses, pigs and dogs is reached within 20 minutes following intramuscular administration. T½ varies per species between 5-20 hours. Bioavailability after intramuscular administration is almost 100%. Dexamethasone has a medium duration of activity.