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Clinical particulars
Target species:
Sheep (pre-ruminant lambs) and goats (pre-ruminant kids).
Indications for use, specifying the target species:
Reduction of the severity and the duration of diarrhoea associated with Cryptosporidium parvum in individual animals confirmed to have cryptosporidial oocysts in their faeces. Paromomycin reduces faecal oocyst shedding.
Contraindications:
Do not use in animals with known hypersensitivity to paromomycin, other aminoglycosides or any of the excipients.
Do not use in cases with impaired function of the kidneys or liver.
Do not use in ruminating animals.
Special warnings for each target species:
Lambs and goat kids should only receive the treatment upon confirmation of cryptosporidial oocysts in their faeces and as soon as possible after the onset of diarrhoea. In field studies investigating the effect of the product on diarrhoea associated with cryptosporidiosis, the median duration of clinically relevant diarrhoea was 3 days for treated lambs compared to 6 days for untreated lambs and 4 days in treated kid goats compared to 7 days for the untreated goats, during the 7-day treatment period.
Special precautions for use:
Special precautions for use in animals
Since the product is potentially ototoxic and nephrotoxic, it is recommended to assess kidney function, especially when considering administration of the product to newborn animals due to the known higher gastrointestinal absorption of paromomycin in neonates. This higher absorption could lead to an increased risk of oto- and nephrotoxicity. The use of the product in neonates should be based on a benefit/risk assessment by the responsible veterinarian. The use of the product should be combined with good management practices e.g. good hygiene, proper ventilation, no overstocking and through cleansing and disinfection.
Aminoglycosides are considered as critically important in human medicine. Use of the product deviating from the instructions given in the SPC may increase the prevalence of bacteria resistant to paromomycin and may decrease the effectiveness of treatment with aminoglycosides due to the potential for cross-resistance.
Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals
This product contains paromomycin, which can cause allergic reactions in some people. People with known hypersensitivity (allergy) to paromomycin or any other aminoglycosides should avoid contact with the veterinary medicinal product.
Avoid contact with the skin and eyes.
In the event of accidental contact with the skin or eyes, rinse with plenty of water. If you develop symptoms following exposure, such as skin rash, you should seek medical advice and show the physician this warning. Swelling of the face, lips and eyes or difficulty in breathing are more serious symptoms and require urgent medical attention.
Personal protective equipment consisting of protective clothing and impervious gloves should be worn when handling the veterinary medicinal product. Do not eat, drink and smoke when handling the product. Do not ingest. In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice immediately and show the label to the physician.
Wash hands after use.
Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness):
Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as paromomycin can cause oto- and nephrotoxicity.
Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay:
Not applicable.
Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction:
General anaesthetics and muscle relaxing products increases the neuro-blocking effect of aminoglycosides. This may cause paralysis and apnoea.
Do not use concurrently with strong diuretics and potentially oto- or nephrotoxic substances
Amounts to be administered and administration route:
For oral use.
Dose rate: 35 000 IU of paromomycin /kg BW /day for 7 consecutive days, i.e. 0.25 ml of product / 1 kg BW/day for 7 consecutive days.
The consecutive treatment should be done at the same time each day.
To ensure correct dosing, the bodyweight should be determined as accurately as possible and the use of either a syringe or any appropriate device for oral administration is necessary.
Only a single course of treatment should be administered to an individual animal.
Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary:
At 5 times the dose and 3 times the duration, no adverse effects have been observed in lambs.
Withdrawal period(s):
Meat and offal: 24 days