Target species
Cattle, pigs and horses
Indications for use, specifying the target species
Cattle:
- Reduction of inflammation and pain associated with post-partum, musculoskeletal disorders and lameness.
- Reduction of fever associated with bovine respiratory disease.
- Reduction of inflammation, fever and pain in acute clinical mastitis in combination with antimicrobial therapy where appropriate.
Pigs:
- Reduction of pyrexia in cases of respiratory disease and Postpartum Dysglactia Syndrome-PDS-(Metritis Mastitis Agalactia syndrome) in sows, in combination with antimicrobial therapy, where appropriate.
Horses:
- Reduction of inflammation and pain associated with osteoarticular and musculoskeletal disorders (lameness, laminitis, osteoarthritis, synovitis, tendinitis, etc.).
- Reduction of postoperative pain and inflammation.
- Reduction of visceral pain associated with colic.
Contraindications
Do not use in animals where there is the possibility of gastro-intestinal ulceration or bleeding, in order not to aggravate their situation.
Do not use in animals suffering from cardiac, hepatic, or renal disease.
Do not use in cases of known hypersensitivity to ketoprofen or acetyl-salcylic acid or to any of the excipients.
Do not use in animals with evidence of blood dyscrasia or coagulopathy. Do not administer other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) concurrently or within 24 hours of each other.
Special warnings for each target species
None.
Special precautions for use
Special precautions for use in animals
Do not exceed the recommended dose. Do not exceed the recommended treatment period.
The use of ketoprofen is not recommended in foals less than one month of age.
When administering to animals of less than 6 weeks of age, ponies or in aged animals it is necessary to adjust the dose accurately as well as to perform a close clinical follow-up.
Avoid intra-arterial injection.
Avoid use in any dehydrated, hypovolaemic or hypotensive animals as there is a potential risk of increased renal toxicity.
Since gastric ulceration is a common finding in PMWS (Post-weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome), the use of ketoprofen in pigs affected by this pathology is not recommended, in order not to aggravate their situation.
In horses, avoid extravascular administration.
Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals
Avoid contact with the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
In case of accidental skin, eye or mucous membrane contact, wash the affected area thoroughly with clean running water immediately. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Avoid accidental self injection. In case of accidental self-injection, seek medical advice immediately and show the package leaflet or the label to the physician.
Wash hands after use.
Hypersensitivity reactions (skin rash, urticaria) could occur. People with known hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients should avoid contact with the veterinary medicinal product.
Adverse reactions (frequency and seriousness)
Intramuscular injection of ketoprofen can cause mild, transient, necrotic subclinical muscular lesions that gradually resolve in the days after completion of treatment. Administration in the neck region minimizes the extension and severity of these lesions.
In horses, transient local reactions, which disappeared after 5 days, were observed after one administration of the product at the recommended volume by extravascular route.
Due to the mechanism of action of ketoprofen, after repeated administrations, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract may occur.
In common with all NSAIDs due to their action of inhibition of prostaglandins’ synthesis, there can be the possibility in certain individuals of gastric or renal intolerance.
If side effects occur treatment must be stopped and the advice of a veterinarian should be sought.
Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay
Pregnancy:
Studies in laboratory animals (rats, mice, rabbits) and cattle have not produced any evidence of adverse effects. Can be used in pregnant cows.
The safety of the veterinary medicinal product has not been established during pregnancy in sows and mares. Use only accordingly to the benefit-risk assessment by the responsible veterinarian.
Lactation:
Can be used in lactating cows and sows.
The use is not recommended in lactating mares.
Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction
- Concurrent administration of diuretics or potentially nephrotoxic drugs should be avoided since there is an increase of renal disturbances, including renal failure. This is secondary to the diminished blood flow caused by the inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis.
- Do not administer other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, anticoagulants or diuretics concurrently or within 24 hours of administration of the product since the risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and other adverse reactions may be exacerbated.
- The treatment free period should however take into account the pharmacological properties of the products used previously
.- Ketoprofen is highly bound to plasma proteins and may compete with other highly bound drugs which can lead to toxic effects.
Amounts to be administered and administration route
Intramuscular or intravenous use.
Cattle:
3 mg ketoprofen/kg body weight, i.e. 1ml of product per 50 kg body weight/ day, administered via the intravenous or intramuscular route, preferably in the neck region. The duration of treatment is 1-3 days, and should be established according to the severity and duration of symptoms.
Pigs:
3 mg of ketoprofen/kg body weight i.e. 1 ml of the product per 50 kg body weight/day, administered via the intramuscular route on a single occasion. Depending on the response observed and based on the benefit-risk analysis by the responsible veterinarian treatment may be repeated at intervals of 24 hours for a maximum of three treatments. Each injection should be given at a different site.
Horses:
2.2 mg of ketoprofen/kg body weight, i.e. 0.75 ml of the product. per 50 kg body weight/ day, administered via the intravenous route. The duration of treatment is 1-5 days, and should be established according to the severity and duration of symptoms. In the case of colic one injection is normally sufficient. A second administration of ketoprofen requires a clinical re-examination.
Overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes), if necessary
Overdose with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can lead to gastro-intestinal ulceration, loss of proteins, hepatic and renal impairment.
In tolerance studies performed in pigs, up to 25% of the animals treated at three times the maximum recommended dose (9 mg/kg bw) for three days or at the recommended dose (3 mg/kg bw) for triple the maximum recommended time (9 days) showed erosive and/or ulcerative lesions in both the aglandular (pars oesophagica) and glandular parts of the stomach. Early signs of toxicity include loss of appetite and pasty faeces or diarrhoea.
The intramuscular administration of the product to cattle, at up to 3 times the recommended dose or for 3 times the recommended duration of the treatment (9 days) did not result in clinical signs of intolerance. However, inflammation as well as necrotic subclinical lesions were detected at the injection site of the treated animals as well as an increase in CPK levels. The histopathological examination showed erosive or ulcerative abomasal lesions related to both dosage regimes.
Horses have been found to tolerate intravenous dosages of ketoprofen up to 5 times the recommended dose for three times the recommended duration (15 days) with no evidence of toxic effects.
If clinical signs of overdose are observed, there is no specific antidote, therefore symptomatic treatment should be initiated.
Withdrawal period(s)
Cattle:
Meat and offal: 2 days
Milk: zero hours
Horses:
Meat and offal: 1 day
Milk: Not authorised for use in mares producing milk for human consumption
Pig:
Meat and offal: 3 days