The exact mechanism of action of inactivated Parapoxvirus ovis is not fully understood but may involve the stimulation and increase of the non-specific immune mechanisms.
In a mouse model, it has been demonstrated that Parapoxvirus ovis induces an autoregulatory cytokine response that involves the up regulation of T helper (Th) 1 type cytokines (IL-12, IL-18, IFNγ) and their subsequent down regulation which is accompanied by induction of IL-4. Furthermore, Parapoxvirus ovis induces phagocytic activity and oxidative burst in various animal species including horses as demonstrated by ex vivo experiments.
In horses, it has been shown that administration of the product stimulates the proliferation of lymphocytes and increases the production of IFNγ in vivo.
It was also shown that administration of the product to horses increases the production of other cytokines such as TNFα, IFN β, IL15 and IL18 in vivo.
This is a limited Marketing Authorisation. A full set of supporting efficacy data is not available for this product.
Disposal
Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal product should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.